An "imposition proof" (essentially a short run of the press) might be created to check the final placement. This process is called imposition, and potentially includes arranging multiple pages to be printed on the same sheet of paper which will later be folded and possibly trimmed. The final layout would be constructed in a "form" or "forme" using pieces of wood or metal (" furniture") to space out the text and images as desired, a frame known as a chase, and objects which lock down the frame known as quoins. (Even after authors began to use typewriters in the 1860s, originals were still called "manuscripts" and the markup process was the same.)Īfter the first round of typesetting, a galley proof might be printed in order for proofreading to be performed, either to correct errors in the original, or to make sure that the typesetter had copied the manuscript properly, and correctly interpreted the markup. The original document would be a hand-written manuscript if the typesetting was performed by someone other than the layout artist, markup would be added to the manuscript with instructions as to typeface, font size, and so on. Any images would be created by engraving. With the Renaissance invention of letterpress printing and cold-metal moveable type, typesetting was accomplished by physically assembling characters using a composing stick into a galley-a long tray. With ancient woodblock printing, all elements of the page were carved directly into the wood, though later layout decisions might need to be made if the printing was transferred onto a larger work, such as a large piece of fabric, potentially with multiple block impressions. With manuscripts, all of the elements are added by hand, so the creator can determine the layout directly as they create the work, perhaps with an advanced sketch as a guide. History and layout technologies Direct physical page setting The term page furniture may be used for items on a page other than the main text and images, such as headlines, bylines or image captions. With print media, elements usually consist of type (text), images (pictures), and occasionally place-holder graphics for elements that are not printed with ink such as die/ laser cutting, foil stamping or blind embossing. The result might be published as-is (as for a residential phone book interior) or might be tweaked by a graphic designer (as for a highly polished, expensive publication).īeginning from early illuminated pages in hand-copied books of the Middle Ages and proceeding down to intricate modern magazine and catalog layouts, proper page design has long been a consideration in printed material. Until desktop publishing became dominant, these processes were still done by people, but in modern publishing, they are almost always automated. Given certain parameters such as boundaries of text areas, the typeface, and font size, justification preference can be done in a straightforward way. Low-level pagination and typesetting are more mechanical processes. It requires intelligence, sentience, and creativity, and is informed by culture, psychology, and what the document authors and editors wish to communicate and emphasize. The high-level page layout involves deciding on the overall arrangement of text and images, and possibly on the size or shape of the medium. It generally involves organizational principles of composition to achieve specific communication objectives. In graphic design, page layout is the arrangement of visual elements on a page. E-print | Online Printing Malaysia | Prints Advertisement & marketing materialsĮ-print 網上印刷公司,提供專業的印刷服務.Consumer magazine sponsored advertisements and covers rely heavily on professional page layout skills to compete for visual attention.
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